Some of the most exciting new ideas in organizations are based on harnessing the collective intelligence of crowds and communities. Think of user-generated content platforms, open source software, crowdsourcing, and knowledge markets — just a few examples of ways that large numbers of loosely networked users are invited to create or evaluate products, content or ideas. This is the “social web,” the interlinked virtual universe that to so many executives seems to offer the irresistible promise of providing something — ideas, work, decisions — for (almost) nothing, if only they could manage it right.

But the first step toward smart management of the social web is to understand something paradoxical about it: The new platforms may be all about harnessing crowds and communities, but in the end, those crowds and communities are nothing but a sum of individuals. And your company’s social web efforts will succeed only to the extent that you are able to attract good individuals, motivate them to perform good work, and empower them to get to know and trust one another enough to collaborate toward the end goals of the community.

The question is, How do you do that?

The answer : By capitalizing on the motivational power of reputation.

The best websites know that. (Even poor ones know it — they just don’t manage it as well.) Accordingly almost all social web platforms have some form of member profile feature, a set of pages where one can find out about individual community members. Member profile pages provide a space where community members can write about themselves, and their interests. In addition, profile pages often include statistics about a member’s activity, testimonials from other members and sometimes a score or rating that reflects a member’s accomplishments and status within that particular community. Other members can use this information to decide how much to trust a member, how much credibility to assign to his or her postings or whether to engage in a transaction or collaboration with him or her.

These features are parts of online