MIT Sloan Management Review

Management of Information Systems, Marketing

How Do They Know Their Customers So Well?

By Thomas H. Davenport, Jeanne G. Harris and Ajay K. Kohli

January 15, 2001

Insightful companies mix rich customer data with their understanding of the people behind the transaction.

Internet portal Yahoo! records every click made by every visitor, accumulating some 400 billion bytes of data per day — the equivalent of 800,000 books.1 Direct marketing giant Fingerhut has 4 million names of repeat customers and stores up to 1,000 attributes on each one. Its data warehouse can hold 4.5 trillion bytes.

Can even a fraction of this data find its way into a thoughtful analysis of customer needs or more personalized, innovative services?

The answer is “yes,” but it may be a mere fraction. Companies are rushing to invest in technologies that enable them to track patterns in customer transactions. Yet when the transaction collection-and-tracking dust settles, most firms have a larger data warehouse but very few additional insights into their customers. In other words, they may know more about their customers, but they don’t know the customers themselves or how to attract new ones.

Interviews with 24 standouts in customer-knowledge management, including Harley-Davidson, Procter & Gamble and Wachovia Bank, reveal that a firm needs more than transaction data to gain such insight. Many of the executives interviewed say that their companies succeed because they consider the person behind the transaction — recording what customers do during sales and service interactions. By examining this “human” data, they can better understand and predict customers’ behaviors, and they can rely less on technologies to... To read the complete article, login or sign-up using the form below.

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