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Managing the Total Customer ExperienceTopic: Marketing
Reprint 4339; Spring 2002, Vol. 43, No. 3, pp. 85–89
The full text of this article is available free to all site visitors, compliments of IBM, as part of our ongoing Business Insight series. Jointly produced by MIT Sloan Management Review and The Wall Street Journal, Business Insight offers fresh thinking on crucial management issues supplemented by the deep knowledge of related, classic SMR articles, of which this is one. Read the Business Insight article to which it relates and other SMR classics on the topic, all free full text.
Customers always have an experience — good, bad or indifferent — whenever they purchase a product or service from a company. The quality of the experience lies in how effectively the company manages it, in all its facets and from beginning to end. Organizations that simply tweak design elements or focus on improving isolated pockets of the customer experience — by providing a quick hit of entertainment, for example — will be disappointed in the results. An organization's first step toward managing the total customer experience is recognizing what the authors call clues: the signals or messages given off by everything that touches on the buying process. Clues can include the product itself (does it work as advertised?), the layout of a retail outlet (are the signs easy to follow?), the tone of voice of the salesperson (did he really mean it when he said, "Have a nice day"?), and so on. Organizations that orchestrate the sum total of all the clues can create an optimal experience for their patrons. Addressing the clues that speak to emotions is especially important. Emotional bonds between companies and customers are difficult for competitors to sever. The internalized meaning and value that the clues assume can create a deep-seated preference for a particular experience — and thus for one company's product or service over another's. The authors explain the tools that are available to help organizations rethink the signals they are sending to customers. They also show how the tools work in practice by presenting two case studies in which organizations dramatically improved their customers' experiences. is the M.B. Zale Chair of Retailing and Marketing Leadership at Texas A&M University in College Station, Texas. is president and chief experience officer of Experience Engineering in Minneapolis. is director of strategic studies at the IBM Advanced Business Institute in Palisades, New York. Contact them at lberry@cgsb.tamu.edu, lcarbone@expeng.com and haeckel@us.ibm.com.
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