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![](https://sloanreview.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/014-Leading-your-team-500.jpg)
Spring 1988 Issue
SPRING 1988 VOL. 29 · NO. 3 Toward Middle-Up-Down Management: Accelerating Information Creation THE CONCEPTS of “top-down” and “bottom-up” management pervade management research and the popular business literature. Both center on information flow and information processing. Top-down management emphasizes the process of implementing and refining decisions made by top management as they are transmitted to […]